Challenge A2

Distinguish I from X

You are given an operation that implements a single-qubit unitary transformation: either the identity gate (I gate) or the bit-flip gate (X gate).

Your task is to perform necessary operations and/or measurements to figure out which unitary it was and to return 0 if it was the I gate or 1 if it was the X gate.

You are allowed to apply the given operation exactly once.

You have to implement an operation which takes a single-qubit operation as an input and returns an integer. The operation should have the following signature: